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Building Intelligent Knowledge Assistants: Laravel AI SDK Meets RAG

10 min read
Building Intelligent Knowledge Assistants: Laravel AI SDK Meets RAG

Most AI chatbots answer from training data. RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) enables AI assistants that answer from your documents, your knowledge base, your content.

The Laravel AI RAG Agent Demo is an open-source project that showcases how to build production-ready knowledge assistants using Laravel AI SDK, PostgreSQL with pgvector, and intelligent document processing. This isn't a proof-of-concept. It's a complete, production-ready application demonstrating how to transform static documentation into dynamic, conversational interfaces.

Try the live demo at laravel-ai-rag-agent-demo.on-forge.com to see RAG in action—or clone the source code on GitHub to explore the implementation and deploy your own RAG-powered knowledge assistant.

The global knowledge management market is projected to reach $1.1 trillion by 2026, driven by organizations seeking better ways to make information accessible. RAG bridges the gap between vast document collections and actionable insights, enabling AI assistants that understand context and retrieve relevant information on demand.

What RAG Solves

Traditional AI assistants have a fundamental limitation: they only know what they were trained on. They can't access your internal documentation, your product specifications, or your company knowledge base. RAG solves this by:

  • Retrieving relevant context from your documents before generating responses
  • Grounding answers in your actual content, not generic training data
  • Enabling domain expertise without retraining models
  • Maintaining accuracy by citing source material

The result: AI assistants that understand your business, your products, and your knowledge—not just general information.

The Architecture: Laravel AI SDK + pgvector

The Laravel AI RAG Agent Demo combines three powerful technologies:

Laravel AI SDK

Laravel AI SDK provides the foundation for AI interactions. It handles:

  • Embedding generation — Converting text into vector representations
  • Agent creation — Building conversational interfaces with memory
  • Streaming responses — Delivering answers in real-time
  • Error handling — Graceful fallbacks and user-friendly messages

The SDK makes AI features feel native to Laravel, not bolted-on integrations.

PostgreSQL with pgvector

pgvector extends PostgreSQL with vector similarity search capabilities. It enables:

  • Efficient storage — Embeddings stored alongside traditional data
  • Fast retrieval — Cosine similarity search in milliseconds
  • Scalability — Handle millions of document chunks
  • Familiar tooling — Use existing PostgreSQL infrastructure

Vector search finds semantically similar content, not just keyword matches.

Intelligent Document Processing

The demo includes sophisticated document handling:

  • File upload — Support for .txt, .md, and .csv files
  • Text chunking — Intelligent splitting with overlap for context preservation
  • Background processing — Queue-based embedding generation
  • Status tracking — Real-time progress monitoring

Documents become searchable knowledge bases automatically.

How It Works: The RAG Pipeline

The RAG pipeline transforms documents into conversational knowledge:

1. Document Upload and Chunking

When a file is uploaded, the system processes it in the background:

class ProcessKnowledgeFileJob implements ShouldQueue
{
    public function handle(): void
    {
        $content = $this->extractText();
        $chunks = $this->chunkText($content, 600, 80);
        // Process chunks into embeddings...
    }
}

The chunking strategy uses:

  • 600-character chunks — Optimal size for embedding models
  • 80-character overlap — Preserves context across boundaries
  • Smart splitting — Maintains semantic coherence

This ensures each chunk contains meaningful context, not arbitrary fragments.

2. Embedding Generation

Each chunk is converted into a vector embedding:

$response = Embeddings::for($batch)->generate();
foreach ($batch as $i => $text) {
    $embedding = $response->embeddings[$i] ?? null;
    DocumentChunk::on('vector')->create([
        'knowledge_file_id' => $knowledgeFile->id,
        'content' => $text,
        'embedding' => new Vector($embedding),
    ]);
}

Embeddings capture semantic meaning, enabling similarity search that understands context, not just keywords.

3. Query Processing

When a user asks a question, the system:

protected function getRagContext(string $query): string
{
    $embeddingResponse = Embeddings::for([$query])->generate();
    $queryEmbedding = $embeddingResponse->embeddings[0] ?? [];
    
    $nearest = DocumentChunk::nearestTo($queryEmbedding, 5)->get();
    $parts = $nearest->map(fn ($c) => $c->content)->all();
    
    return implode("\n\n---\n\n", $parts);
}

This retrieves the five most semantically similar chunks from the knowledge base, providing relevant context for the AI agent.

4. Context-Aware Responses

The retrieved context is injected into the agent's instructions:

protected function buildInstructions(string $systemPrompt, string $context): string
{
    $base = $systemPrompt ?: 'You are a helpful assistant.';
    $contextBlock = "Use the following context from the knowledge base when relevant to answer the user. If the context does not contain relevant information, say so.\n\nContext:\n".$context;
    
    return $base."\n\n".$contextBlock;
}

The agent uses this context to generate accurate, grounded responses that cite your actual content.

The Agent: Conversational Intelligence

The RAG chat agent combines multiple capabilities:

Memory and Context

class RagChatAgent implements Agent, Conversational, HasTools
{
    use Promptable, RemembersConversations;
    
    public function instructions(): Stringable|string
    {
        return $this->instructions;
    }
}

The agent maintains conversation history, enabling multi-turn dialogues that build on previous exchanges.

Streaming Responses

Responses stream in real-time using Laravel AI SDK's streaming capabilities:

$stream = agent($instructions, [], [])
    ->stream($message, provider: $config->provider, model: $config->model);

return $stream->usingVercelDataProtocol();

Users see answers appear as they're generated, creating a responsive, engaging experience.

Configurable Behavior

The system prompt is configurable through an admin panel, allowing customization for different use cases:

  • Domain-specific assistants — Tailored for specific knowledge bases
  • Brand voice — Match your organization's communication style
  • Response format — Structured outputs for different contexts

Each deployment can be customized without code changes.

Real-World Applications

The Laravel AI RAG Agent Demo enables diverse applications:

Customer Support

Transform support documentation into intelligent assistants that answer questions instantly, reducing ticket volume while improving response quality.

Internal Knowledge Bases

Make company documentation searchable and conversational. Employees find information faster through natural language queries instead of manual searching.

Product Documentation

Create interactive product assistants that understand specifications, features, and use cases. Customers get accurate answers without navigating complex documentation.

Educational Platforms

Build learning assistants that reference course materials, answer questions, and provide context-aware explanations based on actual content.

Legal and Compliance

Enable assistants that reference policies, regulations, and procedures, ensuring accurate information delivery while maintaining source citations.

Technical Excellence: Production-Ready Patterns

The demo showcases production-ready patterns:

Queue-Based Processing

File processing runs in background jobs, preventing request timeouts and enabling scalable document ingestion:

ProcessKnowledgeFileJob::dispatch($knowledgeFile);

Large files process asynchronously without blocking user interactions.

Error Handling

Comprehensive error handling provides user-friendly messages:

protected function userFacingErrorMessage(\Throwable $e): string
{
    if (str_contains($message, 'API key')) {
        return 'OpenAI API key is missing or invalid...';
    }
    
    if (str_contains($message, 'vector')) {
        return 'Vector database is unavailable...';
    }
    
    return 'Chat is temporarily unavailable...';
}

Users get actionable feedback, not technical stack traces.

Status Tracking

Real-time status updates keep users informed:

  • Pending — File uploaded, waiting for processing
  • Processing — Embeddings being generated
  • Completed — Ready for use in chat
  • Failed — Error message displayed for debugging

Transparency builds trust and enables troubleshooting.

Multi-Database Architecture

The demo uses separate databases for application data and vectors:

protected $connection = 'vector'; // DocumentChunk uses vector DB

This separation enables:

  • Independent scaling — Scale vector operations separately
  • Performance optimization — Tune each database for its workload
  • Flexibility — Use different PostgreSQL configurations

Building Your Own RAG Assistant

The Laravel AI RAG Agent Demo provides a complete foundation for building custom RAG applications. The open-source repository includes everything you need to get started.

Try it live: laravel-ai-rag-agent-demo.on-forge.com — Register, upload knowledge files, and chat with your own documents.

Getting Started with the Demo

Clone the repository:

git clone https://github.com/fakharkhan/laravel-ai-rag-agent-demo.git
cd laravel-ai-rag-agent-demo

Install dependencies:

composer install
npm install
npm run build

Configure your environment:

Copy .env.example to .env and configure:

  • PostgreSQL database with pgvector extension
  • OpenAI API key for embeddings and chat
  • Vector database connection settings

Run migrations:

php artisan migrate

Start the queue worker (for background file processing):

php artisan queue:work

Launch the application:

php artisan serve

The demo includes a complete admin panel for managing knowledge files, configuring chat settings, and monitoring processing status. Upload your documents, configure the system prompt, and start chatting with your knowledge base immediately.

Exploring the Codebase

The repository structure demonstrates production-ready patterns:

  • app/Ai/Agents/ — RAG chat agent implementation
  • app/Jobs/ — Background processing for file embeddings
  • app/Models/ — Eloquent models for knowledge files and chunks
  • app/Http/Controllers/ — Chat and admin controllers
  • database/migrations/ — Database schema including vector tables
  • docs/ — Comprehensive setup and configuration guides

The codebase follows Laravel best practices and serves as both a working application and a learning resource for building RAG systems.

Customization and Extension

The demo is designed for easy customization:

  • Modify chunking strategy — Adjust chunk size and overlap in ProcessKnowledgeFileJob
  • Add file formats — Extend extractText() to support additional file types
  • Customize agent behavior — Modify system prompts and agent instructions
  • Extend vector search — Adjust similarity thresholds and result counts
  • Add authentication — The demo includes Laravel Fortify for user management

The open-source nature means you can fork, modify, and deploy your own version tailored to your specific needs.

1. Setup Infrastructure

Install PostgreSQL with pgvector, configure Laravel AI SDK, and set up the vector database connection. The repository includes detailed setup instructions in docs/ai-rag-setup.md.

2. Upload Knowledge Files

The system handles file uploads, chunking, and embedding generation automatically. Upload your documents and they become searchable. The admin panel provides real-time status updates as files are processed.

3. Configure the Agent

Set your system prompt to define the agent's personality and behavior. Customize for your domain and use case. The demo includes example prompts in docs/chat-agent-system-prompt.md.

4. Start Chatting

Users can immediately query your knowledge base through natural language. The system retrieves relevant context and generates accurate responses with streaming support for real-time interactions.

5. Iterate and Improve

Monitor conversations, refine system prompts, and add more knowledge files as your content grows. The demo's admin interface makes it easy to manage your knowledge base over time.

The Business Value

RAG assistants deliver measurable business impact:

Reduced Support Costs

Automated answers to common questions reduce support ticket volume while maintaining response quality.

Faster Information Access

Employees find information in seconds instead of minutes, improving productivity across organizations.

Consistent Accuracy

AI assistants provide consistent answers based on your actual content, reducing errors from manual information retrieval.

Scalable Knowledge Management

As documentation grows, RAG assistants scale automatically. New documents become searchable without additional configuration.

Better User Experience

Natural language queries feel more intuitive than traditional search interfaces, improving user satisfaction.

The Future of Knowledge Assistants

RAG represents a fundamental shift in how we interact with information. Instead of searching through documents, we converse with knowledge bases. Instead of reading manuals, we ask questions and get answers.

The Laravel AI RAG Agent Demo demonstrates that building these systems doesn't require complex infrastructure or specialized expertise. Laravel AI SDK makes RAG accessible to any Laravel developer.

As organizations accumulate more documentation, RAG becomes essential for making that knowledge accessible. The open-source demo provides a production-ready foundation for building these systems today. Clone the repository, explore the code, and deploy your own intelligent knowledge assistant.

The project is actively maintained and welcomes contributions. Whether you're building a custom RAG system or learning how these technologies work together, the repository serves as both a practical tool and an educational resource.

Building the Next Generation of Knowledge Interfaces

The gap between having information and using it effectively has always been a challenge. RAG bridges that gap by making knowledge conversational, searchable, and accessible.

The Laravel AI RAG Agent Demo shows how to build these systems using familiar tools and patterns. Laravel AI SDK handles the AI complexity, pgvector provides efficient vector search, and Laravel's queue system enables scalable processing.

The result: intelligent assistants that understand your content, answer your questions, and scale with your needs.

Ready to build your own RAG assistant? Try the live demo or visit github.com/fakharkhan/laravel-ai-rag-agent-demo to clone the repository and deploy your own intelligent knowledge interface.

The future of knowledge management isn't better search. It's conversational intelligence.